Merit scholarships are often described as “free money for college.” But if you’re like most families, the real question isn’t what they are, but how to actually get one.
Sure, you’ve heard of students getting tens of thousands of dollars in scholarships based on their grades or test scores—but how does that happen? What do you need to do, when should you start, and what mistakes can cost you?
This guide will walk you through exactly how to win merit scholarships, avoid common traps, and make sure you’re getting the most money for your academic achievements.
What Is a Merit Scholarship, Really?
At its core, a merit scholarship is a financial award given to students based on achievement—usually academic, athletic, artistic, or leadership excellence—rather than financial need.
But the term “merit award” can be misleading. Some colleges use it as a tuition discount, while others offer competitive, limited-spot awards. The key is understanding how each school defines merit—and what you need to do to qualify.
For a full definition and breakdown, check out What Is a Merit Scholarship and How Can I Get One?
Stage 1: Lay the Foundation Early
The merit scholarship process doesn’t start with the application. It starts years earlier, through the choices a student makes in high school.
1. Build a Strong Academic Record
- Take rigorous courses (AP, IB, Honors)
- Maintain a high GPA—especially in core subjects
- Show an upward trend, even if you stumble early on
2. Plan a Smart Testing Strategy
Even in a test-optional world, high SAT/ACT scores can qualify you for more merit money. Plan your timeline to allow for multiple attempts.
- Use free tools like Khan Academy or ACT Academy
- Take diagnostic tests to target your prep
3. Stand Out Outside the Classroom
Colleges want leaders, creators, and impact-makers.
- Pick 2–3 activities and go deep (not broad)
- Take leadership roles or start something new
- Keep a log of awards, roles, and milestones (this will be useful for applications)
4. Document Your Achievements
Keep a running activities resume. Include academics, service, leadership, work experience, and special talents. This becomes a goldmine during the scholarship process.
Stage 2: Find the Right Scholarships
Once you’ve laid the academic and extracurricular groundwork, the next step is identifying where the best opportunities for merit aid actually exist.
Merit scholarships come from many sources—but not all are equally generous or accessible.
It’s crucial to understand the different types of scholarships available.
You want to strategically target the ones that match your strengths and goals.
1. Institutional Scholarships
These come directly from the colleges. Many are automatic (based on GPA/test scores), while others require separate applications.
- Use each school’s scholarship page
- Look for “scholarships for admitted students” or “automatic merit aid”
2. Private Scholarships
External awards from businesses, nonprofits, or community groups. These vary widely in size and competitiveness.
- Use scholarship search tools recommended by your school counselor or local library
- Filter opportunities by academic interest, demographics, location, or intended career field
- Focus on awards you’re genuinely eligible for, rather than mass-applying to everything available
3. Build a Balanced Strategy
Aim for:
- 2–3 “reach” awards
- 3–5 “realistic” institutional offers
- 5+ small external scholarships
Stage 3: Craft a Winning Application
Once you’ve identified the scholarships you’re targeting, it’s time to focus on the application process itself.
This is your chance to showcase not only your achievements but also your voice, your story, and your fit with the scholarship’s mission.
Every element—from your essays to your recommendation letters—should work together to paint a cohesive and compelling portrait.
1. Essays: Tell a Powerful Story
Most scholarship committees read thousands of essays. Stand out by being specific, vulnerable, and authentic.
- Use narrative storytelling (not generic statements)
- Answer the prompt fully
- Show how your experiences align with the mission of the scholarship
2. Recommendations: Choose Wisely
- Ask teachers, counselors, or mentors who know you well
- Give them 3+ weeks’ notice and a resume or “brag sheet”
- Follow up with a thank-you note
3. Follow Instructions Exactly
- Don’t go over word limits
- Submit in the correct file format
- Double-check deadlines and requirements
4. Proof Everything
Spelling errors, typos, and rushed writing can cost you thousands. Have a teacher or advisor review each application before submission.
Stage 4: Negotiate, Stack, and Maintain
Even after you receive a merit scholarship offer, your work isn’t done. In fact, this stage is where strategic students and families can unlock even more value.
From negotiating higher awards to combining multiple scholarships and ensuring you maintain eligibility year over year—this phase is all about optimization.
1. Ask for More
If you’ve received merit offers from multiple schools, you may be able to negotiate.
- Be respectful, and use competing offers as leverage
- Share updates on academic performance or new awards
2. Stack Scholarships (When Allowed)
- Combine institutional and external awards when possible
- Some schools will reduce merit if you win outside aid—check their policies
3. Know Renewal Rules
Many scholarships require:
- Minimum GPA (e.g., 3.0+)
- Full-time status
- Satisfactory academic progress
Don’t lose your scholarship due to avoidable missteps.
Common Mistakes That Cost Students Thousands
- Waiting too long to start: Many students don’t think about scholarships until senior year, missing out on key preparation windows. Starting in junior year—or earlier—allows time to build a stronger academic, extracurricular, and testing profile.
- Only applying to “brand name” scholarships: High-profile national scholarships are incredibly competitive. Students often ignore smaller, local, or institutional awards that offer better odds and are easier to win.
- Writing generic essays: Scholarship committees can spot a copy-paste job instantly. Essays that don’t reflect a student’s unique story, passions, and alignment with the scholarship’s mission are far less effective.
- Missing deadlines: Many scholarships have firm, early deadlines. Even strong candidates lose out by failing to track submission dates or gather materials (like recommendation letters) in time.
- Not reading the fine print on renewal requirements: Winning a merit scholarship is only half the battle—keeping it is just as important. Failing to maintain GPA minimums, course loads, or other conditions can result in losing thousands in aid.
The Merit Scholarship Checklist
Here’s a quick checklist to keep you on track:
Junior Year
- Take SAT/ACT (first attempt): Begin standardized testing early to identify strengths and weaknesses. This gives time for improvement and possible retakes, which can boost eligibility for higher merit aid.
- Build activities resume: Start logging extracurricular activities, community service, leadership roles, and awards. A polished resume helps you stand out.
- Begin list of merit-friendly colleges: Research colleges known for generous merit aid policies and align them with your academic profile and goals.
Summer Before Senior Year
- Research institutional and private scholarships: Identify scholarships offered directly by colleges and external organizations. Pay attention to eligibility and deadlines.
- Start scholarship essays: Begin drafting essays that tell your story, focusing on leadership, impact, and resilience. Having a head start reduces stress during application season.
- Draft your activities resume: Organize your experience into a formatted resume that can be submitted with applications or shared with recommenders.
Senior Year (Fall)
- Submit college applications: Apply to colleges with merit deadlines in mind. Some require applications by early action or early decision for scholarship consideration.
- Finalize scholarship applications: Polish your materials and submit them ahead of deadlines. Keep a spreadsheet to track where and when you’ve applied.
- Request recommendation letters: Ask trusted mentors early, provide your resume, and clearly communicate deadlines.
Senior Year (Winter/Spring)
- Track offers and appeal if necessary: Monitor merit offers and use them to potentially negotiate higher awards from competing schools.
- Compare net costs (not just awards): Look beyond scholarship amounts to total cost of attendance. Factor in housing, fees, and living expenses.
- Monitor GPA to maintain eligibility: Keep grades up during senior year to ensure you meet minimum requirements for renewing scholarships.
Start Early, Be Strategic, Maximize Aid
Getting a merit scholarship isn’t about luck. It’s about strategy, preparation, and persistence.
The good news? You don’t have to do it alone.
CBRG helps families build smart college plans that maximize financial aid—including merit scholarships. If you’re ready to craft a personalized scholarship strategy, contact us today or check out our webinar schedule.
You have the ambition. Now get the funding to match.